District-wise yearly area, yield and production.
This file group has two files: 1. Area, production and yield and 2.
High yielding varieties The area, production yield file includes
data on 20 major crops that include cereals, pulses, oilseeds,
cotton, sugarcane, total fruits and vegetables. Yield is calculated
based on area and production.
The data are for the annual area and production under the crops. The
percent area under each crop is calculated by dividing crop area by
Gross Cropped Area (GCA variable generated using a defined
methodology).
For more details see definition and standards and in the data
documentation manualthe section on ‘data clarification and
anomalies’.
For season wise crop area and production data refer to season wise
area and production of crops under additional data); for breakup of
fruits and vegetables data by type also see files aon area and
vegetables under additional data.
The second file is on High Yielding Varieties (HYV / hybrids) has
data on area under HYVs for 5 major cereal crops. The data on HYVs
has a number of gaps in recent years implying that the area is
completely under HYVs and hence no longer reported / some states do
not publish this data.
District-wise yearly irrigated area.
This file group has two files: 1. crop wise and 2. Source wise
irrigation. Crop wise irrigated area includes gross irrigated area
under selected cereal, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, sugarcane and total
fruits & vegetables. Crop wise irrigation by source is not
available. A few states do not report data on crop wise irrigation.
The second file on source wise irrigation includes data on sources of
irrigation (canals, tanks, wells etc.) for each district besides
gross and net irrigated area. The file also provides data on percent
area irrigated by different sources. A few states do not report data
for different sources and hence data is available for net or gross
irrigated area only.
The file includes data on milk, meat and egg production.
Milk production:
The data are for total milk
production. Where ever brake ups are available production is separated
for cow, milk buffalo milk and goat milk. The data are further
disaggregated for crossbred and indigenous cows; murrah and indigenous
buffaloes.
Meat production:
The data are for total meat
production. Where ever break ups are available meat production is
separated by cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, pig and poultry.
Egg production:
The data are for total egg
production. Where ever break ups are available the egg production is
given separately for improved and desi poultry.
Regulated market yards and their sub-yards, total road length that includes
state and national highways and district / village roads maintained by local
bodies like panchayats. Soft infrastructure related to number of commercial
bank branches, post offices, hospitals and public health centres.
Veterinary institutions:
Infrastructure
related to livestock, i.e., veterinary hospitals, dispensaries, AI
centres, poultry extension centres.
This group of files includes data on various censuses related to the
agriculture sector and population census.
Agriculture implements:
The census for
agriculture implements was part of the livestock census until 2003 and
is carried out every five years. Since then it was delinked from
livestock census and data are available until for 2007 only. For our
purposes we have included pump sets, power tillers and tractors only.
The census years vary a bit across states.
Livestock:
The census is carried out every
five years. We have included numbers on large ruminants, small
ruminants, other domestic animals and poultry. Cattle is also part of
the livestock census and provides data on cross bred and indigenous
cattle. The census years vary a bit across state.
Operational holding:
This census is carried
out under the agriculture census and is available every five years. The
data are on area and number of operational holdings by size of land
holding class i.e., marginal, small, medium, large. The census years
vary a bit across states.
Population:
Population census is carried out
every 10 years. The file includes data on total population, rural and
urban population, literates, agricultural workers, and cultivators all
separated for male and female categories.
Land use:
Includes data on geographical area, or
reporting area, further breakups for area under forests, non-agricultural
land, fallow land, net and gross cropped area.
Length of growing period:
The variable is in
number of days and is an indicator of the crop growing period in a given
district.
Monthly actual Rainfall:
Average rainfall
data at district level is obtained from secondary sources. The data are
averaged across raingauges in a given district.
Soil Type:
Data are for share of different
soil types in a given district
Also known as farm gate prices, are the prices prevailing at the time of
harvest in the place where the crop is harvested. The whole sale prices in a
nearby market will be 15 to 20% higher than FHP as it will include
transport, packing charges and wholesalers margin.
Includes total Gross domestic product (GDP) and also by sectors i.e.,
primary sector, secondary sector (manufacturing) and tertiary sector
(services) at current and constant prices. The file also includes per capita
GDP at district level.
Estimating district level statistics from spatial data available from the
open data sources. Spatial data in NetCDf available at
http://www.climatologylab.org/terraclimate.html for
(Tmax, Tmin, Aet, Pet, Def, PPT, Q, SWE, WS) variables were downloaded.
Process of conversion:
NetCDF Data was
converted to Geotiff format using ArcGIS multidimensional tools. These
layers were aggregated to district level using the “Zonal Statistics as
table” tool in Spatial Analysis module. “Mean statistic is used to
aggregate the pixels to the district level. The data from 1958-2015 was
processed in batch mode to come-up with year-wise tables for each
variable at the country level. An R script was used to compile yearly
files to one Excel sheet.
Actual Evapotranspiration (AET):
Actual
amount of water lost to evapotranspiration from the soil– plant
continuum by an actively growing plant or crop. Water loss through
evapotranspiration depends upon plant and soil characteristics, and upon
the amount of available water in the soil.
Potential Evapotranspiration (PET):
The
amount of water evaporated (both as transpiration and evaporation from
the soil) from an area of continuous, uniform vegetation that covers the
whole ground and that is well supplied with water.
Maximum temperature (TMax):
The highest
temperature reported for a given location during a given period.
Minimum temperature (TMIN):
The lowest
temperature attained at a specific location during a specified period.
Precipitation (PPT):
"Precipitation" means
the condensation of atmospheric water vapour that falls under gravity.
Runoff (Q):
When rain or snow falls onto the
earth, it starts moving along the slopes. A portion of it seeps into the
soil and to replenish Earth's groundwater. Most of it flows downhill as
runoff when rainfall intensity is more than the seepage or infiltration.
